I have also attached an excel file about subnetting. This also applies to Class A and Class B but raising 2 to unmasked bits of more than 8 is quite difficult to calculate mentally. Your broadcast address is 1 less than the next network address like. This will be your block size thus your 1st address will be. To identify the network address, find the decimal eqivalent of the octet. of hosts = (2^4)-2 = 14 because the network and broadcast address is not used. of subnets = 2^4 = 16 if ip subnet 0 is not allowed but you have to remove the first and last subnet giving you a total of 14 subnets. It does the job for me in an embedded application on a cortex m3. It returns 1 in case the mac address has been validated (it will accept 12 hex characters, lower case or upper case, with or without colons, including partially correct input like b3:0a:23:48fad3). If you're given a /28, identify the masked bits (1) and unmasked bits (0). I needed to both validate and parse MAC address in ANSI C, so heres the function. All the information is on the project website. For example, to get the MAC address from a remote device or to specify if you want the eth0 or wlan0 address.
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